It was last night ________ I saw the comet.

the time

when

that

which

强调句的结构是：It＋be＋强调部分＋that(who)＋主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用“who”，其余用that。因此选C。

They elected him          captain of the team for         second time.

the; a

a; the

a; a

/; a

考查冠词的用法。句意：他们再次选他当队长。职位，官衔前面不加冠词，a second time表示“又一次，再次”；the second time表示第二次（顺序）。故选D项。

All we need          a piece of advice on how we can improve our time management.

are

is

were

was

考查be动词和时态。句意：我们需要的只是一条关于如何改进时间管理的建议。分析句子可知，说明一般情况应该用一般现在时，这句话的主语是All we need, 所以为主语从句，当主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用is。故选B项。