Like other animals, we are          until we know it is safe to relax.

on purpose

on fire

on guard

on duty

考查介词短语辨析。句意：像其他动物一样，我们在知道安全的时候才放松警惕。A.on purpose 故意；B. on fire着火；C.on guard 警惕；D.on duty值班。结合后文we know it is safe to relax，可知我们在知道安全的时候才放松警惕。故选C项。

It was the typhoon           was called Tiange           hit Zhuhai and Macao.

which; that

what; which

that; who

that; which

考查定语从句和强调句型。句意：袭击珠海和**的是“天阁”的台风。此处typhoon是先行词，指物在后面的定语从句中做主语，所以第一空填which/that；第二空是强调句句型，It is/was+强调部分+that（指人也用who）+其他，这里typhoon指物。所以第二空填that。故选A项。

It was fortunate that Jack narrowly escaped             in a traffic accident last month.

killing

being killed

to be killed

 to kill

考查非谓语动词。句意：杰克上个月在交通事故中死里逃生，真是幸运。固定表达escape doing sth.逃离做某事。此处Jack与kill之间是被动关系，应该使用动名词的被动语态，用being killed。故选B项。

Really? You        twice the price to buy the book!

paid

took

spent

cost

考查动词词义辨析。句意：真的吗？你付了2倍的价格买这本书！四个动词都有“花费”的意思，但用法不同。pay的主语通常是人，常用结构是 sb pay (money) for sth;take作“花费”时讲常用于固定句型 It takes/took sb (money/time)to do sth做某事花费某人（金钱/时间）；spend的主语通常是人 sb spend...on sth 或sb spend ...(in) doing sth;cost的主语通常是物，sth cost sb (money)意为“某物花了某人多少钱。本题主语是人，结合句意和后文to buy the book，空格处应填pay。故选A项。

I would really appreciate       if you can make time in your schedules to attend my lecture today.

that

it

this

one

考查形式宾语。句意：如果你今天能从日程安排中抽出时间来听我的讲座的话，我将不胜感激。I would appreciate it if/when...如果/当...时，我将非常感激。it 做形式宾语。故选B项。

A bank is a place         they lend you an umbrella in a fair weather and ask for it back when it begins rain.

when

where

that 

there

考查定语从句。句意:银行就是一个天气好时借给你雨伞，开始下雨时再要回来的地方。A.when关系副词，做时间状语 ；  B.where关系副词，做地点状语；C.that 关系代词；D.there 那里。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词 place，在从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选B项。

Her         for writing was a desire for women to get  the right to higher education.

motivation

qualification

talent

technique

考查名词词义辨析。句意：她写作的动力源自为女性获得更高教育的权利。motivation动力；动机；qualification资格；talent才能，天赋；technique技巧。故a desire for women to get  the right to higher educatio是她写作的动力。故选A项。

The sunlight is white and blinding,           hard-edged shadows on the ground.

throwing

being thrown

to throw

to be thrown

考查非谓语动词。句意：阳光炽白炫目，在地上投下浓重的阴影。主语The sunlight和throw是主动关系，因此要用现在分词表主动，此处是现在分词短语作状语。故选A项。